Reducing the Risk of Preterm Birth Through Maternal Nutrition Interventions

Preterm birth (PTB), a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, remains a global challenge despite advancements in healthcare. PTBs can happen spontaneously but there are clinical conditions that can trigger PTB and several risk factors have also been identified. Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in PTB prevention by addressing risk factors such as poor gestational weight gain, suboptimal nutrition, and metabolic disorders. Evidence supports the use of Omega-3 LC-PUFAs and multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) to reduce PTB risk, improve gestational outcomes, and enhance fetal growth. Studies highlight the benefits of DHA, myo-inositol, and probiotics in modulating inflammation, promoting healthy glucose metabolism, and supporting fetal development. Implementing nutritional interventions offers a promising strategy to mitigate PTB risk and improve maternal-infant health outcomes.